Bone cancer - a malignant tumor that affects the skeletal system. Cancer of the bone of origin are divided into primary and metastatic.
Primary bone cancer is extremely rare - 1.5-3.0 per million population. Men get sick more often. The average age of patients with bone cancer in men is 17 years, women 18 years of age. The main type of primary bone cancers are sarcomas, bone cells develop from bone (osteogenic osteosarcoma, parostalnaya sarcoma, malignant osteoblastoklastoma) is much less common chondrosarcoma - of cartilage cells, fibrosarcoma - from the cells of fibrous connective tissue, and tumor nekostnye - angioma, lymphoma and Ewing's tumor of bone marrow origin.
Osteosarcoma is formed during growth of the bones before the age of 15 years, 97% of cases affects the metaphysis of long bones and pelvis. It features slow growth, but quickly spread to the lungs (70-90%) and other bones of the skeleton, particularly in the ribs and collarbone.
The clinical picture
It is painless if you exercise and palpation, but is characterized by the appearance of dull pain, a feeling of heaviness, tiredness in the limbs and bursting in the night. With the growth of tumors, mainly with the beginning of the transition to the surrounding soft tissue pain becomes constant, intense, disturbed function of the nearby joint.
Primary bone cancer is extremely rare - 1.5-3.0 per million population. Men get sick more often. The average age of patients with bone cancer in men is 17 years, women 18 years of age. The main type of primary bone cancers are sarcomas, bone cells develop from bone (osteogenic osteosarcoma, parostalnaya sarcoma, malignant osteoblastoklastoma) is much less common chondrosarcoma - of cartilage cells, fibrosarcoma - from the cells of fibrous connective tissue, and tumor nekostnye - angioma, lymphoma and Ewing's tumor of bone marrow origin.
Osteosarcoma is formed during growth of the bones before the age of 15 years, 97% of cases affects the metaphysis of long bones and pelvis. It features slow growth, but quickly spread to the lungs (70-90%) and other bones of the skeleton, particularly in the ribs and collarbone.
The clinical picture
It is painless if you exercise and palpation, but is characterized by the appearance of dull pain, a feeling of heaviness, tiredness in the limbs and bursting in the night. With the growth of tumors, mainly with the beginning of the transition to the surrounding soft tissue pain becomes constant, intense, disturbed function of the nearby joint.
Treatment of osteosarcoma should be carried out in specialized centers.
By contacting us you will be able to consult leading experts in the field, pass the complete examination and you will be picked up by the most optimal method of treatment.
In the presence of metastases in the lungs, due to their rapid growth, shows the initial surgical treatment of lung metastases, and then the primary focus. After removal of pulmonary metastasis or osteosarcoma without metastases to the lungs demonstrated an amputation or disarticulation limb, sometimes there is the possibility of bone resection with replacement of the allograft site, however, because of late diagnosis is probably not more than 20% of patients. With the defeat of the pelvis surgery is impossible, therefore, shows the radiation therapy, although most of osteosarcomas is not sensitive to it.
Parostalnaya sarcoma develops between the ages of 30-40 years, characterized by slow growth, metastasis gives very rare, but not after the resection (amputation or disarticulation of limbs) of tumor relapse. Most often affects the distal metaphysis thigh accompanied by pain and impaired joint function, as is often detected at an early stage that allows to perform radical surgery with a relative, of course, the recovery of 70-80% of patients.
Chondrosarcoma occurs between the ages of 30-50 years in the pelvis, proximal femur, ribs, proximal metaphysis shoulder. It grows slowly, is painless, rarely causes limitation of joint mobility, so often attains a large size, until it becomes visible to the eye. Metastases to the lungs makes is in the later stages of tumor development. Radical surgery can be 50% of patients with a good result - the survival of 5 years or more. In case of insufficient radical surgery is usually developed rapidly relapse.
Osteoblastoklastoma formed during neoplastic transformation of benign giant cell tumor of bone (the frequency of malignancy of this tumor is 15-20%). There are two major forms of cancer - and the cell-lytic trabukulyarnuyu. Metaepiphysis affects long bones, usually the proximal arm and distal femur and pelvic bones. Can produce a symmetrical bone lesions, in the early stages is often regarded as rheumatism. Clinical manifestations of virtually no other than to increase bone in the area and sealing metaphysis surrounding tissues. Articular cartilage, even with large size of the tumor is not affected, so the mobility of the joint is preserved. Detected more often in case of pathological fractures. Metastases to the lungs gives rare, although they respond well to surgical treatment. The x-ray bone cortex fusiform swollen, often has his "breakthrough" to form a "canopy" of the periosteum. When osteoblastoklastome long bones show a radical surgical treatment, the localization in the bones of the pelvis - radiation therapy.
Ewing's tumor is 15-20% of malignant tumors of bone. Occurs before the age of 25 years. Affects mainly the diaphysis of long bones, gives early metastasis to other bones and lungs. Clinical symptoms are clearly: the pain sharp, constant, and is characterized by bouts of fever, anemia, leukocytosis, rapid weight loss. X-rays revealed bone enlargement and thickening of the diaphysis of the bone and lytic areas of destruction. Treatment is complex: radical surgery, radiation therapy, to which the tumor is very sensitive, and combination chemotherapy "adriamycin", "dactinomycin," "VCR" and "cyclophosphamide". Only such a comprehensive treatment provides a five-year survival rate of 70% of patients.
Other primary tumors are extremely rare: occurs as a variant of fibrosarcoma of osteosarcoma, but has a more malignant character, five-year survival of 15-40%, even with a full range of treatments. Chordoma - bone tumor of embryonic origin occurs in 40-60 years, affects the spine with the development of myelo-radicular syndrome from compression of the spinal cord and roots, rarely metastasizes. Adamantioma appears in 90% of patients in the tibia, usually over the age of 30 years, growing slowly, radical surgery for favorable outcome
By contacting us you will be able to consult leading experts in the field, pass the complete examination and you will be picked up by the most optimal method of treatment.
In the presence of metastases in the lungs, due to their rapid growth, shows the initial surgical treatment of lung metastases, and then the primary focus. After removal of pulmonary metastasis or osteosarcoma without metastases to the lungs demonstrated an amputation or disarticulation limb, sometimes there is the possibility of bone resection with replacement of the allograft site, however, because of late diagnosis is probably not more than 20% of patients. With the defeat of the pelvis surgery is impossible, therefore, shows the radiation therapy, although most of osteosarcomas is not sensitive to it.
Parostalnaya sarcoma develops between the ages of 30-40 years, characterized by slow growth, metastasis gives very rare, but not after the resection (amputation or disarticulation of limbs) of tumor relapse. Most often affects the distal metaphysis thigh accompanied by pain and impaired joint function, as is often detected at an early stage that allows to perform radical surgery with a relative, of course, the recovery of 70-80% of patients.
Chondrosarcoma occurs between the ages of 30-50 years in the pelvis, proximal femur, ribs, proximal metaphysis shoulder. It grows slowly, is painless, rarely causes limitation of joint mobility, so often attains a large size, until it becomes visible to the eye. Metastases to the lungs makes is in the later stages of tumor development. Radical surgery can be 50% of patients with a good result - the survival of 5 years or more. In case of insufficient radical surgery is usually developed rapidly relapse.
Osteoblastoklastoma formed during neoplastic transformation of benign giant cell tumor of bone (the frequency of malignancy of this tumor is 15-20%). There are two major forms of cancer - and the cell-lytic trabukulyarnuyu. Metaepiphysis affects long bones, usually the proximal arm and distal femur and pelvic bones. Can produce a symmetrical bone lesions, in the early stages is often regarded as rheumatism. Clinical manifestations of virtually no other than to increase bone in the area and sealing metaphysis surrounding tissues. Articular cartilage, even with large size of the tumor is not affected, so the mobility of the joint is preserved. Detected more often in case of pathological fractures. Metastases to the lungs gives rare, although they respond well to surgical treatment. The x-ray bone cortex fusiform swollen, often has his "breakthrough" to form a "canopy" of the periosteum. When osteoblastoklastome long bones show a radical surgical treatment, the localization in the bones of the pelvis - radiation therapy.
Ewing's tumor is 15-20% of malignant tumors of bone. Occurs before the age of 25 years. Affects mainly the diaphysis of long bones, gives early metastasis to other bones and lungs. Clinical symptoms are clearly: the pain sharp, constant, and is characterized by bouts of fever, anemia, leukocytosis, rapid weight loss. X-rays revealed bone enlargement and thickening of the diaphysis of the bone and lytic areas of destruction. Treatment is complex: radical surgery, radiation therapy, to which the tumor is very sensitive, and combination chemotherapy "adriamycin", "dactinomycin," "VCR" and "cyclophosphamide". Only such a comprehensive treatment provides a five-year survival rate of 70% of patients.
Other primary tumors are extremely rare: occurs as a variant of fibrosarcoma of osteosarcoma, but has a more malignant character, five-year survival of 15-40%, even with a full range of treatments. Chordoma - bone tumor of embryonic origin occurs in 40-60 years, affects the spine with the development of myelo-radicular syndrome from compression of the spinal cord and roots, rarely metastasizes. Adamantioma appears in 90% of patients in the tibia, usually over the age of 30 years, growing slowly, radical surgery for favorable outcome
